Mechanism for hydraulic



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. J. H. HUBB'ELL. AUI'OMAIIG PRESSURE GONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS.

No. 548,549. Patented Oct. 22 ,1895.

(No Model.) V 3 ShetsSheet 2' J. H. HUBBELL. AUTOMATIC PRESSURE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS.

Patented Oct.22, 1895.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. H. HUBBELL. AUTOMATIC PRESSURE CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS. N0. 548,54 P '1 H O0t.Z2,1895.

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over the said hole and thus obstruct the free passage of the fluid. To prevent any difficulty of this kind I have arranged in line with and close to the tapered choke-hole a regulating-sctew 13, Fig. 8, which will serve normally as aguard or regulator forthe choker, and may be used, also, as a cleaning device. This screw 13-may be adjusted to have one end so close to the mouth of the hole in the choker 10 as to restrain the access therete of such particles as would be likely to lodge over or against the hole, and yet the screw need DOt-qbG so close to the hole as to obstruct the required passage of fluid. Should, however, a solid particle slip into and obstruct the small end of the hole in the choker 10, the screw 13 may be used as a cleaning device by screwing it down upon and thus causing it to crush and force the obstruction wholly into and through the hole, the taper shape of which being conducive to the crushed solid freeing itself entirely from the passage. The screw 13 may be used, also, as a regulator for the fluid in case the volume passing through the choker 10 is too great, as the form and arrangement of the screw admit of very fine adjustment as regards the space between the mouth of the opening in the choker and the adjacent screw end.

The choker-casings 2 and 6 are each screwtapped at it, Fig. 7, for connection with the pipe 1 or 5, leading from the accumulator, a similar screw-tap being provided at 15 for connee ion with the pipe 3 or 7, leading to the change-cock. Each casing 2 and (5 is also screw-tapped to receive bushings 16, 17, and 18, for the check-valve ll, stop-valve 12, and regulator 13, respectively. By screwing the stop-valve 12 in or out, as required, it may be made to control a port connecting the passages 19 and 20, Fig. 7, leading from the accumulator-pipe connection 14: to the checkvalve 11, from which a passage 21, Fig. 8, leads to the regulator 13 and choker 10, the latter being in communication through a passage 22, Figs. '7 and 8, with the pipe connection 15 for the pipe 3 or 7, as the me maybe, that leads to the change-cock.

In t 1e casing of the automatic change-cock 4 ther are screw-tapped connections 23 and 24-, Fig 12, for attachment of the pipes 3 and 7, resp ctively, that lead from the chokers. The cha ige-cock is screw-tapped, also, at 25, Fig. let, or connection with the pipe 8, Figs. 1 and 2, t irough which the fluid passes from the change-cock to the point where the pressure is to be applied. It is also screw-tapped at 26 to corlnect with the pipe 9 for exhaust. Besides thhse connections the automatic change-cock 4 comprises a low-pressure-inlet stop-valve 27, Figs. 12, 13, and 15; an exhaustvalve 28, Figs. ll, 13, 14, and 15; the automatic change-valve plunger 29, and the lifting-plunger for the weighted lever 31, that normally holds the change-valve 29 to its seat. The lever 31 is suitably mounted upon the top of the changecock 4, and carries a sliding weight 32, that may be adjusted on the lever, as required. The screw-threaded and rotary stop-valves 27 and 28 are mounted in bushings 83 and 31, respectively, and bushings and are also provided for the plungers 29 and 30, as shown. In the casing of the change-cock 4 are suitable passages controlled by the above-named valves and plungers, as will presently appear.

The mechanism in connection with which this hydraulic-pressure-regulating system is designed to be used-as in the case of a5}, oilpress, for instancewill require two pres"- ures, a low pressure when the apparatus gr machine begins its work and a higher press ure to enable itto finish its task.

The lower pressure, governed by the lowpressure accumulator, passes through the pipe 1 to and past the opened stop-valve 12 to the check-valve 11, which it lifts, and then passes to and through thecholrer 10 and pipe 3 and rests against the low-pressure inlet stop-valve 27 of the change-cock. The higher pressure, governed by the high-pressure accumulator, travels through the pipe 5 and connected choker to and through the pipe '7 until it rests behind the change-valve plunger 29, which is held to its seat by the weighted lever of the change-cock. Now, in order to apply these pressures,-all that is necessary is to open the stop-valve 27, whereupon the low pressure will pass tirough the passage 37, Figs. and 15, to the press-passage 38, Figs. 12, 11, and 15, and thence through the pipe 8 to the press or other machine or place where the pressure is to be applied. so long as this low pressure is performing the work for which itis designed the high pressure is held in its passage 39, Fig. 12, by the changevalve 29, and is confined above the seat ofsaid valve; butas soon as the resistance offered to the low pressure in the performance of its work becomes great enough to produce baclepressure sufficient to force up the weight 32, which will occur when a greater pressure is required than that supplied through the low-pressure passages, then this back-pressure will pass throughga passage 40, Figs. 12, 1s, and 1 5,'leading from the press passage 38 to the lil'tiim -plnnger 30. which is thus acted on with such force as will raise the lever 31 and attached weight. The change-valve 29, being thus relieved of the pressure from the lever 31 and weight 32 and having, owing to its construction, no other re sistance than that of friction and being forced up by the action of the back-pressure on its under surface, rises from its seat and allows the high pressure to find its wayt-hrough the passage 38 and pipe Sto the point of action in the press orother machine. After all work required of the pressures has been performed they may be removed and all former conditions restored by simply closi ug the slop-valve 27 and throwing the exhaust-valve 28 open. By this action virtually all pressure is removed from under the changevalve 29 and the lifting-plunger 30, and consequently the lIS -rangcdto.lift

.called to actionby'the back-pressure the stopyalve '27'iu the' change-cock'4 is still open, thus allowing the'high-pressure to run into pipe 3 as well as intopipe 8. Now, it this high pressnre we e allowed tofmak e itself felt back. at the'fountain head of the low pressure it would efiiect serious damage.

, Therefore, it'is found necessary to insert a check-valve, as 11, somewhereibetween the automatic change-cock-and thehyd'raulicaccum ulators.".Thepcheck valve must be arin the. direction in which the on-press'ure' is flowing and to close against any back-pressure. This check-valve, as 11,

- I have combined or inclosed in the same casfrom the automatic change-cock,

mg 2 on 6 that contains the choker 10, and whichcasing is wholly 'separate and distinct and will also supportor contain a stop-valve 12,- with which r p i s.

gilCflS-wthfi choker 10, the check-valve 11; and v thestop-valve -I2.--&in on Closing the 6o to stop .ofi fluid-fromeithef direction, such a valve-being very valuable in case of needed c! By incasingthese three contrivlbody considerable timegtrouble, and expeus [will be avoided, in that the combined choker, check-valve,- and stop. -valve,.is.cheaper and easier to fit up and connect.inpnebodythan in two orthree, besides the greater conveni compactness of the combined. devices.

The advantages derived from theimproved construction and arrange .ent of parts embraced in this pressure controllin g and changing apparatus are numerous. A more prompt and efficient action is obtained from the'combiued choker, check-valve, when constructed and arranged as described and located outside the change cock, besides .the .greater accessibility of its parts for needed adjustments and repairs, and it also provides an effective guard against the access of back-pressure to the low-pressure accumulator. The automatic action of the change-cock renders it a comparatively cheap and-{most efficient and simply-operated piece of mechanism for exchanging one pressure tor ;another without requiring any great mountaineers or'a'ttent'ion on the part of the operator. Thus the automatic change-cock acquires the pressman to make but four operations, namely: Opening the low-pressure .valve 27 runs the press up. Closing this lowpressure valve and opening the outlet or exhaust valve 28 allows the press to descend. exhaust-valve after press is down makes all ready for press to be again applied.

After the low-pressure valve is opened the pressures require no more attention until the press is read y tobe letdown, the higher pressure being attended to automatically at just the moment it is required.

It will be observed that the press-passage 38, Figs. 12 and 14, is located and arranged under side or end,

nce, neatpe ss, and.

and stop valve;

below. the change-valve 29, and that when the valve 29'and its seat. Meanwhile the highpressure fluid s confined byithe'valve 29in the passage .39, Fig.12, above the seat of the change-valve... This passage j 39 is gofmu'ch lax-geidiameter tha'nuthes mall passageafl n let stop-valve 27 is opened to start the press 1t is only a low-pressurefluidf that can. come in contact with the under side of the "change forde'd by the choker 1O comprised in the com-.v bined-choker, check-valve, and stop-val'vefi,

that is located intermediate the automatic change-cock and the high-pressure accumula=..

tor. There cannot, therefore, be exerted on I the seat of the valve'29 any. destructive action ciency of-the valve-seat andpermit leakage of the high-pressure fluid, as would be liable to occunw-ith a diderent relative arrangement of the press-passage and change-valve involv ing'a holding of the high pressure beneath or in .frontof a closed valve.

The change-valve plunger -29 is held firmly and closely to its seat by meansof the weighted lever 31 until the resistance oiiered to the low pressure at or pressure that'would'cut or impair the efii-' the press becomes so great as to develop suificient back-pressure ger 30 and weighted lever 31, whereupon the change-valve plunger 29 will be unseated by the low pressure or back-pressure acting on its and the, high pressure from the passage 39 behind or above the seat of the valve, 29 will now find its way to and through the presspa'ssage 38' to the point where its power is to beexerted in the required work.

-The relative arrangement of the change-valve plunger 29 and press-passage 38, whereby the low pressure and high pressure are respectively applied in the direction described, will protect-[the seat of the change-valve from cutting, so that the eificiency of the valve will not be impaired even after long use.

What I claim as my invention is- 1.- In hydraulic pressure controlling mechanism, the combination with an automatic change-cock, and pipes leading to said change cock from a low pressure accumulator and a high pressure accumulator, respectively, of a separately inclosed combined choker, check and stop valve distinct from the change-cock and located intermediate sail change-cock and a source of pressure and communicating with each, substantially as described.

2. In hydraulic pressure controlling mechanism, the combination with an automatic change-cock, and pipes connecting said cock with a source of pressure, of a combined choker, check and stop-valve communicating to raise the lifting-'pluritoo ITO

with said pipes intermediate the change-cock normally holding the change valve to its seat,

arately inclosed combin'ed choker, check and stop valve, as 2 and 6, one of which communicates with each of said pipes outside the change-cock, and each comprising a tapered choke passage 10 and a regulating screw 13 arranged in line with and close tosaid chOke.

passage and adapted to serve as a guard and cleaning device for the choker, substantially as described.

4. In hydraulic pressure controlling-mechanism, the automatic change cock comprising a press passage 38 communicating at one end with a pipe leading to a press and at the other end communicating with an exhaust pipe, passages 37 and 39 communicating with said press passage 38 and alsocommunicating withpipes leading from a low pressure accumulator and a high pressure accumulator, respectively, a hand valve 27 to control the inlet of fluid from a low pressure accumulator to the passages -37 and 38, the automatic change Valve 29 controlling a port through which the high pressure passage 39 and press passage 3S communicate, the weighted lever 31 for the lift plunger 301501 saidglever, the back pressure passage leading from the press passage38 to the lift plunger, and an exhaust valve 28 at the exhaust end of the press passage; in combination with a separately inclosed combined choker, check and stop-valve 6 intermediate said changecock and the sou rce of high pressure, and distinct from tht changecock, substantially as described.

5. In hydraulic pressure controlling mechanism, a combined choker, check and stopvalve consisting of the choker 10 having a tapered choke hole-therein,'th e screw 13 arranged in line with and closeto the small errl of the tapered choke passage and adapted to serve as a guard and as a regnlatorand clean tr for said passage, the inlet stop-valve l2 and the check valve 11 intermediate the said stop- Valve and choker, all of said parts and their connecting passagesbeing combined and inclosed in one body-or casing, substantially as described.

6. In hydraulic pressure controlling mechanism, an automatic change-cock adapted to ,receive fluid from a low pressure source and a high pressure source, respectively, and comprisinga change valve adapted to hold the high pressure at a point behind the seat or said valve until released by back pressure from the press, the front or under side of said change-valve and its seat being exposed only to low pressure, in combination with a coinbined choker,- check and stop-valve intermediate' said chan'gocock and the source of high pressure, substantially as described.

In testimony'whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed myseal in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

e JOSEPH H. HUBBELL.- [us].

lVitnesses:

J OHN L. H. FRANK, GEO. FORNUFF. 

